Archive for the Biographical Category

Clyne, Tchaikovsky and Shostakovich at the National Concert Hall

Posted in Biographical, Music with tags , , , , , , , , on October 18, 2025 by telescoper

It had been over a month since my last visit to the National Concert Hall in Dublin so I was happy to be able to attend this week’s Friday night concert last night. It was great to see that the venue was very full too. I think that was at least partly down to the fact that one of the pieces featured Irish violinist Mairéad Hickey who has a sizeable local following. Conductor for the evening with National Symphony Orchestra Ireland was Anna Rakitina (who was born in Russia).

The concert began with a short piece by Anna Clyne called Restless Oceans. This is an energetic and an excellent way to get the orchestra revved up for the rest of the evening. I’d never heard this work before and I think it must be the first time I’ve seen a performance in which the string section sang or hummed a wordless accompaniment in one part and, in another, the whole orchestra provided extra percussion by stamping their feet.

After that zesty appetiser, Mairéad Hickey appeared on stage, resplendent in a green dress, to perform the first course proper, the Violin Concerto by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. This is a familiar work but it was ravishingly played by Mairéad Hickey, who seem to revel in the virtuosic elements of this work, as well as bringing out the lyricism in the more romantic passages. The only things I don’t like about this composition are the gratuitously showy cadenzas which go on far too long, in my opinion. The audience clearly loved the performance, though, as did I, and we were treated to an encore in the form of some traditional Irish fiddle playing which was lovely.

After the wine break, we had the main dish for the evening, the Symphony No. 5 by Dmitri Shostakovich. This is a very famous work and one of the higlights of the entire symphonic repertoire. It is also perhaps the most accessible of all the Shostakovich symphonies. It was an immediate success with Soviet critics and public alike when it was first performed in 1937, and though it marked Shostakovich’s return to favour with the authorities after his denunciation by Stalin, this work has the composer’s very characteristic sense of things not being quite as they seem on the surface. Indeed, in this and many other of his compositions, seems to manage to say one thing at the same time as saying the exact opposite of that thing; nowadays this might be called `constructive ambiguity’. This is especially true in the finale, in which the sense of triumph it ostensibly portrays seems rather forced, so it approaches a parody of itself. This tension between possible interpretations gives the piece a palpable sense of danger.

Overall the Fifth Symphony is a sombre work, the dark undertone established right at the start with an imposing theme on the cellos and double basses, but it has passages of great beauty too, especially in the slow third movement. Like all great symphonies – and this is one of the greatest – it takes you on a journey full of of excitement and interest. It was a compelling performance by the NSOI, with outstanding playing by the whole orchestra, but especially the woodwinds.The 45 minutes or so of this performance seemed to fly by. It’s ending ending was greeted with rapturous applause and a standing ovation from many in the audience.

It’s interesting to consider that only 60 years had elapsed between the composition of these pieces by Tchaikovsky and Shostakovich, but what different musical worlds they represent!

There and Back Again

Posted in Biographical on October 15, 2025 by telescoper

So here I am, safely back in Maynooth, after a hassle-free journey in both directions. I went straight to Dublin Airport from a lecture at Maynooth yesterday, as the meeting I attended today started quite early this morning. Obviously that meant I had to stay overnight in a hotel last night, but at least the organisers found me an appropriate room for the night:

I might have that put on a T-shirt!

I always find travelling very tiring. I don’t know why, because basically it just involves sitting around doing very little. The meeting went well, though, so the trip was worth it. I also got to meet up with a certain person last night so it was doubly worth it, but that also no doubt contributed to my fatigue.

Anyway, back to normal tomorrow, so perhaps an early night is called for…

Beginning Astronomy

Posted in Biographical with tags , on October 14, 2025 by telescoper

I have a two-hour lecture coming up after which I have immediately to dash to the airport in order to embark on a trip to a foreign country, so in lieu of a proper post here is a nice cartoon I saw on Mastodon.

Natasha Jay 🇪🇺

School Parents Night vs Astronomy Conference

By Tom Gauld in “Physics for Cats”

The first panel shows a parent-teacher conference ("School Parents' Night") where a teacher is giving a girl's parents a failing F grade for their daughter. The second panel shows an "Astronomy Conference" where the same girl, now an adult, is being awarded a medal for her work.
October 12, 2025, 4:31 pm 548 boosts 772 favorites

This also allowed me to check whether the embed facility works, which it seems to do. This actually gives me an idea about how to speed up my weekend updates, which I might try out on Saturday.

Nobel Prize for Physics Speculation

Posted in Biographical, Science Politics, The Universe and Stuff with tags , on October 6, 2025 by telescoper

Just to mention that tomorrow (Tuesday, October 7th 2025) will see the announcement of this year’s Nobel Prize for Physics. I must remember to make sure my mobile phone is fully charged so I can be easily reached, although I am likely to be lecturing when the announcement is made.

The announcement of the Nobel Prize for Physics on Tuesday is preceded today (Monday 6th) by the announcement of the Prize for Applications of Physics to Physiology or Medicine, and followed on Wednesday by the Prize for Applications of Physics to Chemistry. You can find links to all the announcements here.

I do, of course, already have a Nobel Prize Medal of my own already, dating from 2006, when I was lucky enough to attend the prize-giving ceremony and banquet.

I was, however, a guest of the Nobel Foundation rather than a prizewinner, so my medal is made of chocolate rather than gold. I think after 19 years the chocolate is now inedible, but it serves as a souvenir of a very nice weekend in Stockholm! Sadly one of the Laureates whose award we were celebrating passed away recently.

Regular readers of this blog may recall that I called it correctly in 2022 when Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger won the Nobel Prize for Physics that year. I had, however, predicted them every year for many years until they won, and they won’t win it again.

I drew a blank in 2023 when attosecond light pulses were the topic and was completely wrongfooted last when the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton “for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks”. I didn’t see that one coming at all.

I really have no idea who will win it this year, but I’ll suggest that there’s still an outside chance for Michael Berry and Yakir Aharonov for their work on the geometric phase, although if they were going to win they probably would have done so by now.

To find out who the lucky winners you’ll have to wait for the announcement, around about 10.45 (UK/Irish time) on Tuesday morning. I’ll update this post when the wavefunction has collapsed.

Feel free to make your predictions through the comments box below!

Update: I’m not often right but I was wrong again: the 2025 Nobel Prize for Physics goes to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis “for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit”…

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2025/press-release/

Storm Amy

Posted in Biographical, Maynooth with tags , , on October 4, 2025 by telescoper

It’s been an interesting couple of days while Storm Amy worked its way over the island of Ireland and on to Scotland. The worst hit County in the Republic was Donegal but even here in the shelter of County Kidlare there were gusts over 100 hm/h on Friday, and quite a lot of rain as you can see from the first two radar* plots above. Quite a few people, quite reasonably if they were heading towards the weather, went home a bit early on Friday.

Initially the wind was southerly, and it felt surprisingly warm, despite the rain, but by this morning it had veered westerly, the rain had turned to showers, and the wind has now moderated substantially.

I spent some time this afternoon clearing up leaves and small branches that had fallen during the storm, as well as looking for signs of damage. But all’s well. No power cuts either. My big worry however is this tree just outside my house:

It is far too tall for its location, and has been leaning alarmingly for some time. If it topples in the direction it is leaning it will hit my house. I’ve been on to Kildare County Council a few times about it, actually. I don’t want them to chop it down, but I do think they should cut back the upper branches so that if it falls it won’t hit either mine or my neighbour’s house. Unfortunately, they’ve refused to do anything at all. Time for another go at them, I think. It will cost them a lot less to deal with it now than the sum they will have to pay me if serious damage is caused by their negligence.

*In case you’re interested, Met Éireann’s weather radars are located at Dublin and Shannon, and operate at 5.64 GHz (C-band).

Supplementary Information

Posted in Biographical, Crosswords, Literature with tags , , on September 29, 2025 by telescoper

Regular readers of this blog know that I have a habit of reading the Times Literary Supplement which I buy not only for the book reviews, but also for its excellent crossword. I’ve even won the crossword competition prize a few times. You can find an assortment of posts related to the TLS here.

Recently the Times Literary Supplement underwent something of a makeover, changing the design and switching from a weekly to fortnightly publication. The first new-style issue was published on September 5th. Here is the cover:

The cover article is about the possible identity of the “Mr W.H.” to whom William Shakespeare dedicated his collection of Sonnets; see here. I may write something about that in the not too distant future, as I’ve been reading these again recently.

Anyway, my subscription definitely specifies a “weekly print edition delivered to my door”, so that has gone out the window. I wasn’t best pleased to have the terms of my subscription changed unilaterally like that. Of course I could just read the online edition, but I don’t like reading too much on a screen. I’ve never adapted to reading books on a Kindle either. And crosswords are impossible that way. The old format TLS was rather like a tabloid newspaper, which I found easy to read and handle, and of 28 pages per edition. The new format has 48 pages (which is not 2 times 28) and is rather cramped and crowded and with heavier paper to make it look there’s more to it than there is.

The look and feel they seem to have gone for is “Generic Weekend Supplement”, as you can see if you compare it with last week’s Irish Times Weekend Magazine:

The latter supplement has 52 pages instead of 48 and has more advertisements inside but is otherwise similar.

So why mention this? Well one thing is that the number of crosswords provided by the TLS per year has now reduced by half, which to me reduces the value of the subscription significantly. Moreover, the first issue of the new style supplement was published on September 5th, but didn’t arrive through my letterbox until 24th September. That’s 19 days. The deadline for entries to the crossword competition was September 15th.

Now the old-style issues used to take about 10 days to cross the Irish Sea, which I thought was bad, but 19 days is just awful. One theory of this is that the TLS launches issues with the same momentum, so that the new edition, having about twice the mass, has half the speed and therefore takes roughly twice as long to reach the subscriber. Checking the envelope, incidentally, I see that it was postmarked Bratislava. There must be a very cheap – but slow – way of sending post from the UK to Ireland via Slovakia.

Anyway, I’ve decided not to renew my subscription to the TLS, as I did with Private Eye recently. I cancelled my subscription to the Eye not because I was offended by anything in it, but because it was taking a ridiculously long time to arrive. I can still pick up copies of both publications in the local newsagent. I’m sure Paddy will keep copies of both to one side if I ask him.

Alternatively, I might switch from the TLS to the London Review of Books or some similar. Does anyone have recommendations?

Summer’s Over

Posted in Biographical, Cricket, Maynooth with tags , , , on September 28, 2025 by telescoper

I’ve done quite a few posts recently about the ending of summer – the Autumnal Equinox, the resumption of teaching, the start of a new season at the National Concert Hall are three indicators – but now we really have reached which I regard as the definite conclusion. Yesterday saw the last day of the last round of matches in cricket’s County Championship.

I haven’t followed cricket very closely since I moved to Ireland, but I do look and see how Glamorgan are getting on. The County Championship started very poorly for them, with a thrashing by Middlesex, but they improved substantially and went into the last round of matches secure in 2nd place of Division 2. They lost their last match in Cardiff against a team from the Midlands, by 7 wickets – a game that actually ended on Friday – but they still finished second. That means that they get promoted to Division 1 for the first time in 21 years.

I wouldn’t bet against them being relegated straight away, though. Last time they got promoted (in 2004) they played just one season (2005) in the First Division, during which they lost 14 of their 16 matches, and dropped back down. They almost got promoted in 2010 but were pipped for second place by Worchestershire, who were the beneficiaries of an exceedingly generous – let’s put it that way – declaration by Sussex that allowed them to win their last match. Anyway, to avoid the drop next season Glamorgan need to improve their pace attack considerably. I wonder who, if anyone, they’ll sign?

Glamorgan plays an important role in the international cricket ecosystem, especially with the Ashes coming up. Many of Australia’s star players – including Marnus Labuschagne, Michael Neser, and Usman Khawaja – only came to prominence after stepping up to the big time to play for Glamorgan.

Knowing that the cricket season was almost over, on Friday I decided to give my front lawn one last mow too. The mower is now in the shed until next spring. Leaves have been falling for some time already, so I swept up what I could after cutting the grass. That reminds me to share this, which I found on Bluesky:

I really hate those things

Anyway, we have completed one week of teaching at Maynooth University which passed off reasonably smoothly. I only had one timetabling glitch, but that was resolved trivially by just swapping two sessions. This year the Department of Physics has quite a lot of students in the final-year on the Physics with Astrophysics programme, run before the merger by the Department of Experimental Physics. Now we’re combined we can share the load and I’ll be supervising a couple of students on an astrophysics project, which will be a new experience. I haven’t really taught much astrophysics since coming here nearly eight years ago, so this will make a nice change.

R.I.P. George F. Smoot (1945-2025)

Posted in Biographical, R.I.P., The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , , , , on September 26, 2025 by telescoper
George F. Smoot (1945-2025)

I’m very sad to have to report the death, at the age of 80, of eminent cosmologist George Smoot, who passed away at his home in Paris on 18th September. The news has been reported in France, where George had been living in recent years, but doesn’t seem to have been covered in the international media yet. I thought I would just record some personal relfections and reminiscences here, rather than try to pre-empt the official biographies.

George Smoot was an experimental astrophysicist who is best known for his research in observational cosmology, particularly on the cosmic microwave background. In 2006, jointly with John Mather, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for measurements made by the COBE satellite that, without exaggeration, ushered in a new era of cosmology. George led the paper Structure in the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer First-Year Maps that reported the first detection of variations in temperature of the cosmic microwave background across the sky predicted by theories of cosmological structure formation.

I was fortunate enough to meet George many times over the years and to get to know him quite well. The first time was at a meeting in Durham for which this was the conference photo:

George is just to the left of centre in the front row with the red-and-white sweater.

What I remember about that meeting is that I gave a contributed talk there (a short one, because I was a mere postdoc at the time). Some time after that, George Smoot gave an invited talk during the course of which he mentioned (positively) the work I had spoken about. I was gobsmacked to have my little contribution recognized by someone so eminent, and it did wonders for my scientific self-confidence. I got the chance to have a conversation with George in person some time later at that meeting and found him very good value: he was both interesting and amusing to talk to. He was someone who took mentorship seriously, and didn’t confine it to those people he was working with directly.

Over the years I met George regularly at scientific meetings, including numerous times at the (then) Daniel Chalonge schools in Sicily and in Paris where we often chatted about science and other things over coffee breaks and dinner. I always found him hugely knowledgeable about many things, but he also had an almost child-like curiosity about things he didn’t previously know. He didn’t quite jump up and down with excitement when he learnt something interesting, but almost. He could also be very direct when disagreeing, which meant that some people found him a bit abrasive. He fell out with other members of the COBE time when he threw away the agreed protocol for the announcement of results in 1992. That caused a lot of bad feeling at the time, but it seems that by the time the Nobel Prize was awarded, some degree of reconciliation had been achieved. I was lucky enough to attend the Prize Ceremonies and at the ball afterwards chatted with both George and John Mather who seemed on very amiable terms then.

Anyway, in the early noughties George invited me to spend some time at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, a visit that I enjoyed enormously. He was a very generous and thougtful host and I was looked after very well. One day at LBL he asked me if the hotel was OK. I replied that it was, but one thing I didn’t like about staying in a hotel was that I liked to cook and that was impossible in a hotel room. I thought nothing more of that conversation until the end of the day when George appeared and asked me if I wanted to “do dinner” at his house that evening. I answered in the affirmative so he drove me to his house, which was very fancy, set into the hillside overlooking Berkeley – like the sort of place I imagine a film star would live – and had a very large and well-provisioned kitchen.

It soon became clear that I’d misunderstood the invitation, in that “do dinner” didn’t mean “eat dinner” but “make dinner”. Although I was slightly taken aback I set about finding what he had in the refrigerator and on the shelves. There being a plentiful supply of spices, I decided to make a tandoori-style dish of chicken baked with yoghurt, with a couple of side dishes, none of which took long to cook. When everything was getting ready I wanted to add some lemon juice but couldn’t find any lemons in the fridge. I asked George if he had any lemons, at which point he showed me into the garden where he had several lemon trees in full fruit. I’ve never lived anywhere that this would be possible! I think he enjoyed the dinner because he paid me back a few days later with a dinner at Chez Panisse. He was quite the bon viveur.

(After that short visit, I was planning to spend a sabbatical year in Berkeley in 2005, but the United States Embassy in London put paid to that idea and I went to CITA in Toronto instead.)

The last encounters I had with George were online; he was in the audience when I gave talks in the Chalonge-de Vega series organized by Norma Sanchez in 2021 (here and here). I think he had already moved to Paris by that time. The first of these talks was about open access publishing in astrophysics; George subsequently co-authored a paper in the Open Journal of Astrophysics.

My favourite quote from George came during a discussion we had at Berkeley when I suggested that some methods used for studying the cosmic microwave background could be applied to the distribution of galaxies. His response was “Galaxies are shit”. To avoid offending my friends who work on galaxies, what he meant by that was that he thought galaxies were too messy for any statistical measurements to sufficiently reliable to compete with the CMB. I think he would have preferred a universe in which all galaxies were identical, like electrons.

I’m sure many others will have their own personal reflections on their interactions with George Smoot, but he also had a huge influence on many people who never met him personally, through his enormous contributions to astrophysics and cosmology. We will no doubt read many professionally-written official obituaries in days to come, but all I can say in a personal blog post is that he was a character, a very original thinker, a fine scientist, and a very nice man. Along with many others, I will miss him enormously.

Rest in Peace, George Fitzgerald Smoot III (1945-2025) .

Update: Here is an `In Memoriam’ piece from from the Berkeley Lab.

That Magic Gene…

Posted in Biographical, Covid-19, History, LGBTQ+ with tags , , , , on September 25, 2025 by telescoper

While writing yesterday’s post about the evolution of languages, and the importance of genetic information in reconstructing the story thereof, I was reminded of a post I wrote a while ago about the peculiarities of my own genome, a listing of which I have on a CD-ROM at home. There’s not as much data involved as you might think: it’s effectively only about 800 MB.

Anyway, to cut a long story short, it turns out that I have the CCR5-Δ32 genetic mutation. Not only that, I have it twice over, in that I have two copies (homozygotes). I must therefore have inherited it from both parents. This mutation confers virtually complete immunity from HIV-1 infection.

The above graphic shows that more than 10% of the population in Northern Europe has this mutation in just one allele (i.e. they are heterozygotic). To get an estimate of how many have the form on two alleles (i.e. homozygotic) form you can just square that number, so around 1% or more.

It is thought that the CCR5-Δ32 mutation occurred in a single individual in Scandinavia around 1,000 years ago. When I wrote that post I tacitly assumed that it had propagated passively, i.e. without any particular selection, to the modern era. That it reached 10% of the population starting from just one individual surprised me, but I let it pass.

More recently, I came across a paper about how advances in genetics have impacted epidemiological studies. In the abstract it shows that my assumption was probably incorrect.

Algorithms of molecular evolutionary theory suggested that the CCR5-Δ32 mutation occurred but once in the last millennium and rose by strong selective pressure relatively recently to a ~10% allele frequency in Europeans. 

It goes on to say this:

Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that CCR5-Δ32 was selected due to its protective influence to resist Yersinia pestis, the agent of the Black Death/bubonic plague of the 14th century.

I didn’t mention in yesterday’s post that evidence of the plague bacillus is found in a significant number of prehistoric human remains and this almost certainly played a role in the ebb and flow of populations. In the context of CCR5-∆32, however it seems that it may have been advantageous to carry it long before the arrival of HIV/AIDS. That might account for it reaching the relatively high level that it did.

Among the downsides, however, as the article explains, are an increased risk for encephalomyelitis and death when infected with the West Nile virus. Hopefully further cohort studies of people with this mutation will help elucidate its effect on other diseases.

By the way, in contrast to most people I know, I have still never had Covid-19…

Autumnal Equinox 2025

Posted in Biographical, Education, Maynooth, The Universe and Stuff with tags , on September 22, 2025 by telescoper

Just a note to say that the Autumnal Equinox (in the Northern hemisphere) takes place this evening (Monday 22nd September 2025)  at 19.20 Irish Summer Time (18.20 UTC).

Although  the term `equinox’  refers to a situation in which day and night are of equal length, which implies that it’s a day rather than a specific time, the astronomical equinox is more accurately defined by a specific event, i.e. when the plane defined by Earth’s equator passes through the centre of the Sun’s disk (or, if you prefer, when the centre of the Sun passes through the plane defined by Earth’s equator). Day and night are not necessarily exactly equal on the equinox, but they’re the closest they get. From now on days in the Northern hemisphere will be shorter than nights and they’ll get shorter still until the Winter Solstice on Sunday 21st December 2024 at 3.03 pm Irish Time.

Many people take the autumnal equinox to be the end of summer. There is a saying around these parts, however, that `Summer is Summer to Michaelmas Day’ (September 29th), which is not until next week. I must say, though, though it doesn’t feel particularly summery this morning as there is a chilly wind blowing from the North.

Anyway, make the most of the Equinox because there is a rumour circulating that The Rapture will occur tomorrow (Tuesday 23rd September).