Archive for May, 2025

Season Finale at the National Concert Hall

Posted in Biographical, Music with tags , , , , on May 31, 2025 by telescoper

It was very nice to be able to put the marking of examinations behind me and travel into Dublin last night for the final concert of the season at the National Concert Hall in Dublin. It seems the former NSO is now to be called the NSOI, the National Symphony Orchestra Ireland, no doubt for some sort of corporate branding reason. Anyway, last night they were under the direction of guest conductor Anja Bihlmaier for a performance of the Symphony No. 9 by Gustav Mahler.

Looking back through my previous posts about Mahler I see that I haven’t previously written anything about his 9th Symphony. I am pretty sure that last night was the first time I’ve heard it live, although I have it on CD. Mahler wrote it between 1908 and 1909, immediately after finishing Das Lied von der Erde which is a symphony in all but name and which should really be his 9th. He was a very superstitious man, however, and he was worried about the Curse of the 9th, so it wasn’t given a number. After the acual 9th Symphony he went on to compose another, his 10th (though really the 11th), though he didn’t quite finish it before his death in 1911. I hope this clarifies the situation.

The 9th Symphony is a substantial piece last about 80 minutes in performance. That’s far from his longest, but it does justify it being performed on its own. The structure is unusual, with two very long slow movements either side of a pair of shorter movements, a scherzo and a rondo. The former is constructed from dance-like segments, and much of it is in 3/4 time; it reminded me a little of Ravel’s La Valse, which starts out like a standard waltz but disintegrates into a nightmarish parody of that form. The rondo described as “Rondo-Burleske” is very fragmented, grotesque and at times raucous, and also very modern-sounding. It has been described as “ferocious outburst of fiendish laughter at the futility of everything”. I think the final adagio movement is the best, and it brought out the best of the NSOI. The long sweeping passages played by only the strings, with the cellos and double-basses providing deep foundations to Mahler’s sumptuously textured harmonies. Absolutely gorgeous.

The Symphony ends very quietly indeed. Anja Bihlmaier kept her baton in hand for quite a long time before putting it down and letting the applause start. A little silence at the end of a piece of music is a very good thing: it allows the members of the audience a brief moment to reflect on what they have heard. It irks me when people starting clapping and shouting before the sound has even died away.

Anyway, when it was over, the applause was tumultuous. I’ve already mentioned the string sections, but ll the members of the NSOI contributed with outstanding contributions from the woodwinds and brass too.

There being only one item on the menu there was no wine break, but not having an interval meant that I had time to have a drink at the end before heading back to Pearse station to get the train back to Maynooth. In the old days the NCH used to treat the audience to a free prosecco after the season finale, but not any more. I had to buy my own.

Well, this season may be over, but the booklet for next season is already out. I had a look through it on the train home. I plan to resume my Friday-night concert-going at the NCH in September, but there will be more music before then.

Weekly Update from the Open Journal of Astrophysics – 31/05/2025

Posted in OJAp Papers, Open Access, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on May 31, 2025 by telescoper

Once again it’s time for the weekly Saturday morning update of papers published at the Open Journal of Astrophysics. Since the last update we have published five new papers, which brings the number in Volume 8 (2025) up to 67; the total so far published by OJAp has passed the 300 mark and is now up to 302. If we keep up at the same rate for the rest of the year as we did for the first five months now completed, we will publish around 160 papers altogether in 2025.

In chronological order of publication, the five papers published this week, with their overlays, are as follows. You can click on the images of the overlays to make them larger should you wish to do so.

The first paper to report is “Which is the most eccentric binary known? Insights from the 2023/4 pericenter passages of Zeta Boötis and Eta Ophiuchi” by Idel Waisberg, Ygal Klein and Boaz Katz (Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel).  This is a report of interferometric observations of two very eccentric binary star systems, published on Tuesday 27th May 2025 in the folder Solar and Stellar Astrophysics. The overlay is here:

You can read the final accepted version on arXiv here.

The second paper to report is “On the full non-Gaussian Surprise statistic and the cosmological concordance between DESI, SDSS and Pantheon+” by Pedro Riba Mello & Miguel Quartin (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), and Bjoern Malte Schaefer & Benedikt Schosser (Heidelberg, Germany). This paper is in the folder Cosmology and NonGalactic Astrophysics and was published on Tuesday 27th May 2025. The paper presents an application of the “Surprise Statistic”, based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence, as a measure of the difference between results inferred from different data sets.

The overlay is here:

 

You can find the officially-accepted version of the paper on arXiv here.

The third paper we published last week, and our 300th overall, is “Cosmic Ray Feedback in Massive Halos: Implications for the Distribution of Baryons” by Eliot Quataert (Princeton, USA) and Philip F. Hopkins (Caltech, USA).  This was published on Thursday 29th May in the folder Cosmology and NonGalactic Astrophysics. The paper discusses the effects of cosmic rays produced by massive black holes on the structure of the baryonic component of galaxies and how these might affect cosmological parameter estimation. The overlay is here:

 

You can read the officially accepted version of this paper on arXiv here.

The next one to report is “Mixing neutron star material into the jets in the common envelope jets supernova r-process scenario” by Noam Soker (Technion, Israel). This was published on Thursday 27th May in the folder High-Energy Astrophysical Phenomena; it presents a discussion of the chemical enrichment of an evolved star consequent upon its ingestion of a neutron star.

The overlay is here:

You can find the officially accepted version on arXiv here.

Last, but by no means least, for this week we have “Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Synthetic-source Injection Across the Full Survey Using Balrog” by Dhayaa Anbajagane (Kavli Institute, Chicago) et al. (81 authors) on behalf of the Dark Energy Survey Collaboration. It was also  published on Thursday 27th May  2025, but in the folder Cosmology and NonGalactic Astrophysics. It is about testing the Dark Energy Survey analysis pipeline using synthetic sources.

The overlay is here:

 

You can find the officially accepted version on arXiv here.

That’s all the papers for this week. I’ll post another update next weekend.

A Dream of AI

Posted in Artificial Intelligence, Biographical with tags , , on May 30, 2025 by telescoper

I noticed this, apparently genuine, screengrab circulating on social media:

Can it be? Can 2025 be just a dream and we’re really still in 2024? Did Trump not really get elected? More importantly, am I still on sabbatical? If so, why do I have a desk full of projects to grade? And why am I not in Barcelona?

I checked it myself and found this:

Someone at Google obviously tried to fix something by hand and didn’t entirely succeed.

Do you still think that AI isn’t a bubble waiting to burst?

The 300th Publication at the Open Journal of Astrophysics

Posted in OJAp Papers, Open Access, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , on May 29, 2025 by telescoper

It was on October 8th last year that we published the 200th paper at the Open Journal of Astrophysics. Today, on 29th May 2025, less than 8 months later, we have reached the 300 mark with this paper:

The authors are Eliot Quataert (Princeton, USA) and Philip F. Hopkins (Caltech, USA). We continue to have a large number of papers from authors based in the USA.

I published another two papers this morning and will include all the papers published this week (Including the 300th) in the usual weekly update on Saturday. Based on the 67 papers published so far this year and the activity in the OJAp worklow, I estimate we will publish at least 150 papers this year, which means we should reach the the 400 mark early next year.

Finnegan’s Wake – The Dubliners

Posted in Literature, Music with tags , , on May 28, 2025 by telescoper

Taking a short break from examination duties I thought I would post this version of the song Finnegan’s Wake. It was first published in America in the mid-19th century, it is a ballad about the wake of a hod-carrier by the name of Tim Finnegan who is too fond of whiskey. One day, with a hangover, he falls off a ladder and dies. His wake gets a bit rowdy and eventually a bottle of whiskey is thrown over his body, which brings him miraculously back to life.

It’s been in my mind since I got talking at lunch with some colleagues a while ago about James Joyce‘s famous novel Finnegan’s Wake largely because of the connection with particle physics via the word “quark” and thence to the Arthurian legends; for more of that see here. Anyway, one of the people there knew the song on which Joyce based his book and proceeded to sing a few verses of it, much to the surprise of the people sitting around us.

The interesting thing about the title is that Joyce dropped the apostrophe so it is not really about the wake of Tim Finnegan but lots of Finnegans waking up. The implication is that, in a way, we’re all Tim Finnegan. That’s exactly the sort of play on words – or in this case play on punctuation – that Joyce revelled in and with which Finnegans Wake is peppered.

Another reason for posting this is for a chance to see the iconic beards of the Dubliners, especially lead singer Ronnie Drew. Enjoy!

Et in Arcadia Lego

Posted in Art with tags , , , , on May 27, 2025 by telescoper

Posted with apologies to the Italian Baroque artist Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (Guercino) on whose original Et in Arcadia Ego this is based.

Congratulations, Dr Gallagher!

Posted in Biographical, Maynooth, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , on May 26, 2025 by telescoper

This week is off to a good start! This morning my postgraduate research student Aoibhinn Gallagher passed a viva voce examination on her thesis Cosmological Structure Formation Using Wave Mechanics. There will be a few formalities to deal with, some minor corrections to make, various forms to fill in, and the result has to be approved by the examination board, and so on, but basically that’s a job well done. Congratulations, Dr Gallagher!

Left to Right: Dr John Regan (internal examiner), Aoibhinn Gallagher (PhD candidate), and Prof. Cora Uhlemann (external examiner).

P.S. You can get an idea of some of the content of Aoibhinn’s thesis here.

End Unnecessary Redundancies at Newcastle University!

Posted in Education, Politics with tags , , on May 26, 2025 by telescoper

A petition is being circulated to halt a programme of redundancies at Newcastle University. Academic staff positions are being cut while the University, like so many others, suffers Death by a Thousand Managers. I understand that staff in Physics are directly threatened by the plans.

Here is the description of the issue you can find on the petition:

Newcastle University staff are in dispute with their senior management over the threat of ill-considered and unnecessary redundances that are imperilling the future of our institution. We call on the University Executive Board (UEB) to abandon this destructive policy.

On Thursday 8th May 2025, 153 academic colleagues were summoned at short notice to meetings with UEB where they were told they have been placed in ‘redundancy pools’ with 38 of them to be laid off. In an unpleasant twist, they will be forced to compete against each other in an academic equivalent of ‘The Hunger Games.’ 

To add insult to injury, on the day staff were threatened with redundancy they were also invited to a ‘Doodling for Wellbeing’ session. ‘Let your pen dance across the page,’ they were told, as ‘a perfect escape from the everyday hustle and bustle.’ 

Such crassness is emblematic of the disregard for genuine staff wellbeing that has dogged this unhappy episode. For example, for migrant staff members recruited only months previously, after paying for skilled worker visas, the NHS surcharge, and moving young families from abroad, dismissal threatens the loss of all that, and even deportation. 

For many more, these redundancies will be career-ending. But even for those not immediately at risk, the climate of uncertainty and fear unleashed by UEB is demoralising. As one academic put it, this ‘callous’ policy shows ‘no thought to people as people; we are just figures on a spreadsheet.’

We recognise that this is a tough financial environment for universities. But Newcastle has a relatively strong cash and borrowing position. Through voluntary redundancies and other cost-cutting measures, we have achieved £15.8m of savings against a target of £20m. Nevertheless, UEB is pressing ahead with compulsory redundancies, even though other institutions have stepped back. 

There are other options. Debts could be renegotiated and the pace of cuts slowed. Recently announced capital expenditure projects – including a £274m student accommodation block replete with luxuries like a cinema and gym, and even plans for a campus in India – should be reviewed or delayed. 

Costs could also be cut by pruning management salaries and structures. Since tuition-fee rises in 2012, the number of staff drawing six-figure pay-cheques has mushroomed. 

Worried about their own futures and the future of the university, hard-working frontline staff are taking industrial action. As a result of the turmoil unleashed by what the UEB euphemistically calls ‘Workforce Resizing,’ many academics are looking for jobs elsewhere and students are seeking to transfer to other universities. Reputational damage will make future staff and student recruitment harder. Current redundancy plans risk forcing our great university into a death cycle. 

We urge the University Executive Board to abandon these cuts and work with all their colleagues to secure the future of Newcastle University.

Please sign the petition here.

Premiership Final Results and Classification of Honours

Posted in Education, Football with tags , on May 25, 2025 by telescoper

Now all the final results are in and validated, the Board can now proceed to the classification of Honours for the 2024/25 English Premier League.

There were 20 candidates, no absences, and no extenuating circumstances recorded.

As Chair, I will remind you of the regulations as we go through. Fortunately, as was the case last year, matters are relatively straightforward.

Looking at the last column we can see straight away that the top three all get first-class honours, the same as last year although the performance of the top candidates was not as impressive. Liverpool finished top of the class, followed by Arsenal and Manchester City. Chelsea finish with the top 2.1, the External Examiner having decided not to recommend they be rounded up. They may however still win a prize if they pass a special test next week in the form of the Europa Conference Legue final. Despite a disappointing last paper, Newcastle United finish in 5th place. They also collected a prize in the form of the Caribou Cabibbo Calabi-Yau League Cup. The top five all go on to further study in the UEFA Champions League next year.

I must draw your attention to the peculiar case of Tottenham Hotspur, who finished in 17th place, on 38. This is technically a fail, but the rules allow a pass by compensation in such a situation. Moreover, after their success in the Europa Conference League final over Manchester United, Tottenham also qualify for the Champions League next year.

Aston Villa, Nottingham Forest and Brighton & Hove Actually also get upper second-class honours. Villa go into the Europa Cup along with Crystal Palace who only got a 2.2 (lower-second, with 53%) but go through by virtue of winning the FA Cup. Nottingham Forest, in 7th place, have to go into the Europa Conference League playoffs.

Bournemouth, Brentford and Fulham are also in the range for a 2.2 but failed to secure places in Europe for next season.

Everton, West Ham, Manchester United and Wolverhampton Wanderers all get third-class degrees.

The bottom three (Leicester, Ipswich and Southampton) all fail outright and must take at least a year out before trying again.

(I think may have been spending too long recently marking examinations…)

Weekly Update from the Open Journal of Astrophysics – 24/05/205

Posted in OJAp Papers, Open Access, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on May 24, 2025 by telescoper

It’s  time once again for the regular Saturday update of papers published during the past week at the Open Journal of Astrophysics. Since the last update we have published three new papers, which brings the number in Volume 8 (2025) up to 62 and the total so far published by OJAp up to 297.

In chronological order of publication, the three papers published this week, with their overlays, are as follows. You can click on the images of the overlays to make them larger should you wish to do so.

The first paper to report is: “Jet-shaped filamentary ejecta in common envelope evolution” by Ron Schreier, Shlomi Hillel and Noam Soker (Technion, Haifa, Israel). This paper, which was published on Monday May 19th 2025 in the folder High-Energy Astrophysical Processes, presents three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of common envelope evolution of a neutron star inside the envelope of a rotating red supergiant with Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities forming filamentary ejecta.

The overlay is here:

You can find the officially accepted version on arXiv here.

Second one up is “Weighing The Options: The Unseen Companion in LAMOST J2354 is Likely a Massive White Dwarf” by M. A. Tucker, A. J. Wheeler & D. M. Rowan (Ohio State University, USA) and M. E. Huber (U. Hawaii, USA). This paper was published on Tuesday 20th May 2025 in the folder for Solar and Stellar Astrophysics. It discusses a spectroscopic study of the binary system LAMOST J235456.73+335625 (J2354) with a discussion of the implications for the nature of the dark component.

The overlay is here:

 

You can find the officially-accepted version of the paper on arXiv here.

The third and last paper of the week, published on Thursday May 22nd 2025, also in the folder Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, is “How to use Gaia parallaxes for stars with poor astrometric fits” by Kareem El-Badry (Caltech, USA).  This paper presents a method for extracting reasonable estimates of stellar parallaxes from Gaia data when the overall astrometric solution is unreliable due to errors and noise

Here is the overlay:

You can find the officially accepted version of this paper on arXiv here.

That’s all the papers for this week. Looking at the publishing workflow, I expect we will pass the 300 mark next week. We’ll see when I post the next update next Saturday.