A Dream of AI

Posted in Artificial Intelligence, Biographical with tags , , on May 30, 2025 by telescoper

I noticed this, apparently genuine, screengrab circulating on social media:

Can it be? Can 2025 be just a dream and we’re really still in 2024? Did Trump not really get elected? More importantly, am I still on sabbatical? If so, why do I have a desk full of projects to grade? And why am I not in Barcelona?

I checked it myself and found this:

Someone at Google obviously tried to fix something by hand and didn’t entirely succeed.

Do you still think that AI isn’t a bubble waiting to burst?

The 300th Publication at the Open Journal of Astrophysics

Posted in OJAp Papers, Open Access, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , on May 29, 2025 by telescoper

It was on October 8th last year that we published the 200th paper at the Open Journal of Astrophysics. Today, on 29th May 2025, less than 8 months later, we have reached the 300 mark with this paper:

The authors are Eliot Quataert (Princeton, USA) and Philip F. Hopkins (Caltech, USA). We continue to have a large number of papers from authors based in the USA.

I published another two papers this morning and will include all the papers published this week (Including the 300th) in the usual weekly update on Saturday. Based on the 67 papers published so far this year and the activity in the OJAp worklow, I estimate we will publish at least 150 papers this year, which means we should reach the the 400 mark early next year.

Finnegan’s Wake – The Dubliners

Posted in Literature, Music with tags , , on May 28, 2025 by telescoper

Taking a short break from examination duties I thought I would post this version of the song Finnegan’s Wake. It was first published in America in the mid-19th century, it is a ballad about the wake of a hod-carrier by the name of Tim Finnegan who is too fond of whiskey. One day, with a hangover, he falls off a ladder and dies. His wake gets a bit rowdy and eventually a bottle of whiskey is thrown over his body, which brings him miraculously back to life.

It’s been in my mind since I got talking at lunch with some colleagues a while ago about James Joyce‘s famous novel Finnegan’s Wake largely because of the connection with particle physics via the word “quark” and thence to the Arthurian legends; for more of that see here. Anyway, one of the people there knew the song on which Joyce based his book and proceeded to sing a few verses of it, much to the surprise of the people sitting around us.

The interesting thing about the title is that Joyce dropped the apostrophe so it is not really about the wake of Tim Finnegan but lots of Finnegans waking up. The implication is that, in a way, we’re all Tim Finnegan. That’s exactly the sort of play on words – or in this case play on punctuation – that Joyce revelled in and with which Finnegans Wake is peppered.

Another reason for posting this is for a chance to see the iconic beards of the Dubliners, especially lead singer Ronnie Drew. Enjoy!

Et in Arcadia Lego

Posted in Art with tags , , , , on May 27, 2025 by telescoper

Posted with apologies to the Italian Baroque artist Giovanni Francesco Barbieri (Guercino) on whose original Et in Arcadia Ego this is based.

Congratulations, Dr Gallagher!

Posted in Biographical, Maynooth, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , on May 26, 2025 by telescoper

This week is off to a good start! This morning my postgraduate research student Aoibhinn Gallagher passed a viva voce examination on her thesis Cosmological Structure Formation Using Wave Mechanics. There will be a few formalities to deal with, some minor corrections to make, various forms to fill in, and the result has to be approved by the examination board, and so on, but basically that’s a job well done. Congratulations, Dr Gallagher!

Left to Right: Dr John Regan (internal examiner), Aoibhinn Gallagher (PhD candidate), and Prof. Cora Uhlemann (external examiner).

P.S. You can get an idea of some of the content of Aoibhinn’s thesis here.

End Unnecessary Redundancies at Newcastle University!

Posted in Education, Politics with tags , , on May 26, 2025 by telescoper

A petition is being circulated to halt a programme of redundancies at Newcastle University. Academic staff positions are being cut while the University, like so many others, suffers Death by a Thousand Managers. I understand that staff in Physics are directly threatened by the plans.

Here is the description of the issue you can find on the petition:

Newcastle University staff are in dispute with their senior management over the threat of ill-considered and unnecessary redundances that are imperilling the future of our institution. We call on the University Executive Board (UEB) to abandon this destructive policy.

On Thursday 8th May 2025, 153 academic colleagues were summoned at short notice to meetings with UEB where they were told they have been placed in ‘redundancy pools’ with 38 of them to be laid off. In an unpleasant twist, they will be forced to compete against each other in an academic equivalent of ‘The Hunger Games.’ 

To add insult to injury, on the day staff were threatened with redundancy they were also invited to a ‘Doodling for Wellbeing’ session. ‘Let your pen dance across the page,’ they were told, as ‘a perfect escape from the everyday hustle and bustle.’ 

Such crassness is emblematic of the disregard for genuine staff wellbeing that has dogged this unhappy episode. For example, for migrant staff members recruited only months previously, after paying for skilled worker visas, the NHS surcharge, and moving young families from abroad, dismissal threatens the loss of all that, and even deportation. 

For many more, these redundancies will be career-ending. But even for those not immediately at risk, the climate of uncertainty and fear unleashed by UEB is demoralising. As one academic put it, this ‘callous’ policy shows ‘no thought to people as people; we are just figures on a spreadsheet.’

We recognise that this is a tough financial environment for universities. But Newcastle has a relatively strong cash and borrowing position. Through voluntary redundancies and other cost-cutting measures, we have achieved £15.8m of savings against a target of £20m. Nevertheless, UEB is pressing ahead with compulsory redundancies, even though other institutions have stepped back. 

There are other options. Debts could be renegotiated and the pace of cuts slowed. Recently announced capital expenditure projects – including a £274m student accommodation block replete with luxuries like a cinema and gym, and even plans for a campus in India – should be reviewed or delayed. 

Costs could also be cut by pruning management salaries and structures. Since tuition-fee rises in 2012, the number of staff drawing six-figure pay-cheques has mushroomed. 

Worried about their own futures and the future of the university, hard-working frontline staff are taking industrial action. As a result of the turmoil unleashed by what the UEB euphemistically calls ‘Workforce Resizing,’ many academics are looking for jobs elsewhere and students are seeking to transfer to other universities. Reputational damage will make future staff and student recruitment harder. Current redundancy plans risk forcing our great university into a death cycle. 

We urge the University Executive Board to abandon these cuts and work with all their colleagues to secure the future of Newcastle University.

Please sign the petition here.

Premiership Final Results and Classification of Honours

Posted in Education, Football with tags , on May 25, 2025 by telescoper

Now all the final results are in and validated, the Board can now proceed to the classification of Honours for the 2024/25 English Premier League.

There were 20 candidates, no absences, and no extenuating circumstances recorded.

As Chair, I will remind you of the regulations as we go through. Fortunately, as was the case last year, matters are relatively straightforward.

Looking at the last column we can see straight away that the top three all get first-class honours, the same as last year although the performance of the top candidates was not as impressive. Liverpool finished top of the class, followed by Arsenal and Manchester City. Chelsea finish with the top 2.1, the External Examiner having decided not to recommend they be rounded up. They may however still win a prize if they pass a special test next week in the form of the Europa Conference Legue final. Despite a disappointing last paper, Newcastle United finish in 5th place. They also collected a prize in the form of the Caribou Cabibbo Calabi-Yau League Cup. The top five all go on to further study in the UEFA Champions League next year.

I must draw your attention to the peculiar case of Tottenham Hotspur, who finished in 17th place, on 38. This is technically a fail, but the rules allow a pass by compensation in such a situation. Moreover, after their success in the Europa Conference League final over Manchester United, Tottenham also qualify for the Champions League next year.

Aston Villa, Nottingham Forest and Brighton & Hove Actually also get upper second-class honours. Villa go into the Europa Cup along with Crystal Palace who only got a 2.2 (lower-second, with 53%) but go through by virtue of winning the FA Cup. Nottingham Forest, in 7th place, have to go into the Europa Conference League playoffs.

Bournemouth, Brentford and Fulham are also in the range for a 2.2 but failed to secure places in Europe for next season.

Everton, West Ham, Manchester United and Wolverhampton Wanderers all get third-class degrees.

The bottom three (Leicester, Ipswich and Southampton) all fail outright and must take at least a year out before trying again.

(I think may have been spending too long recently marking examinations…)

Weekly Update from the Open Journal of Astrophysics – 24/05/205

Posted in OJAp Papers, Open Access, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , on May 24, 2025 by telescoper

It’s  time once again for the regular Saturday update of papers published during the past week at the Open Journal of Astrophysics. Since the last update we have published three new papers, which brings the number in Volume 8 (2025) up to 62 and the total so far published by OJAp up to 297.

In chronological order of publication, the three papers published this week, with their overlays, are as follows. You can click on the images of the overlays to make them larger should you wish to do so.

The first paper to report is: “Jet-shaped filamentary ejecta in common envelope evolution” by Ron Schreier, Shlomi Hillel and Noam Soker (Technion, Haifa, Israel). This paper, which was published on Monday May 19th 2025 in the folder High-Energy Astrophysical Processes, presents three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of common envelope evolution of a neutron star inside the envelope of a rotating red supergiant with Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities forming filamentary ejecta.

The overlay is here:

You can find the officially accepted version on arXiv here.

Second one up is “Weighing The Options: The Unseen Companion in LAMOST J2354 is Likely a Massive White Dwarf” by M. A. Tucker, A. J. Wheeler & D. M. Rowan (Ohio State University, USA) and M. E. Huber (U. Hawaii, USA). This paper was published on Tuesday 20th May 2025 in the folder for Solar and Stellar Astrophysics. It discusses a spectroscopic study of the binary system LAMOST J235456.73+335625 (J2354) with a discussion of the implications for the nature of the dark component.

The overlay is here:

 

You can find the officially-accepted version of the paper on arXiv here.

The third and last paper of the week, published on Thursday May 22nd 2025, also in the folder Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, is “How to use Gaia parallaxes for stars with poor astrometric fits” by Kareem El-Badry (Caltech, USA).  This paper presents a method for extracting reasonable estimates of stellar parallaxes from Gaia data when the overall astrometric solution is unreliable due to errors and noise

Here is the overlay:

You can find the officially accepted version of this paper on arXiv here.

That’s all the papers for this week. Looking at the publishing workflow, I expect we will pass the 300 mark next week. We’ll see when I post the next update next Saturday.

 

Getting there…

Posted in Biographical, Maynooth, The Universe and Stuff with tags , , on May 23, 2025 by telescoper

Despite having to take time out today to attend an Emergency Meeting of IFUT (about matters which may or may not be public soon), my marking duties are about halfway done and roughly on schedule. For one module, I have 60% of the assessment scores for 32 students and, for the other, about 40% of the assessment for 23 students. I make that about 51.6 of the total. The last piece of the puzzle won’t arrive on my desk until Wednesday morning, by which time I hope to have completed 100% of the 32, leaving just 60% of the 23, amounting to about 16.7% of the total, to be done in the second half of next week. I hope this clarifies the situation.

Meanwhile the weather has taken a turn for the worse, no doubt because of the imminent Bank Holiday weekend in the UK. Monday 26th is a holiday there. In Ireland, the next holiday is on Monday June 2nd, Lá Saoire i mí an Mheithimh See if you can pronounce that! Next Friday (30th May) is the day of the season finale of the National Symphony Orchestra at the National Concert Hall, which is Mahler’s 9th Symphony. I hope I’ll be finished marking in time for that so I can relax over the holiday weekend after what will have been a very hectic week and take some time off the following week to do a bit of travelling to attend to some personal matters.

Next week will start off, however, with the PhD viva of one of my students. I won’t be attending the actual examination, of course, but will be there for the subsequent formalities. It’s a distraction from grading, but a nice one.

Physics & Theoretical Physics Undergraduate Final Examinations from 1985

Posted in Biographical, Education with tags , , on May 22, 2025 by telescoper

It is May 22nd 2025, so it’s 40 years to the day since started my final examinations in Physics and Theoretical Physics in the Natural Sciences Tripos at Cambridge University. These examinations concluded what was called Part II, the third and last year of a course which started out with four subjects (Part IA), then three (Part IB) I did double-physics and mathematics for IB.

The first paper of Part II was actually Paper Zero, an essay paper which I have already posted here. The five other papers are below; all six (including Paper Zero) were of three hours’ duration. You will see that Paper 4 is a very big one, because it contains questions pertaining to many options but each student did only a few. Unlike most of the theoretical physics students in my year I offered a theoretical project in lieu of part of Paper V, which means I was spared another three-hour paper. My project, incidentally, was on the computer simulation of a laser. My “prepared essay” was also on lasers Kilohertz and picoseconds in laser physics.

Looking at the papers I find a few things are different from what we do nowadays.

One is that Paper I was a general paper, with questions about random bits of physics. Most university physics courses these days do not have such papers (although I know of at least one that does…).

Another is that the course was not really modular. Each paper covered several different topics: Paper 2 for example covers Solid State Physics, Statistical and Thermal Physics and Electromagnetism; Paper 3 is Quantum Physics, Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics. In most modern university courses each of these would have a separate examination.

Other than that, some of the content (e.g. electromagnetism) is close to what you would find nowadays but in some areas (particle physics, for example) the 1985 paper is extremely dated.

As for the level difficulty, I can’t really comment. Take a look a the papers and decide for yourself!

(There is supposed to be a PDF preview, but it seems not to work on many web browsers, so You may hev to download the paper to view it.)

Comments are welcome through the box below.